Representing and Intervening

by Ian Hacking

A lively and clearly written introduction to the philosophy of natural science, organized around the central theme of scientific realism.

Representing and Intervening

Author: Ian Hacking

Publisher: Cambridge University Press

ISBN: 9780521282468

Page: 287

View: 719

A lively and clearly written introduction to the philosophy of natural science, organized around the central theme of scientific realism.

The Emergence of Probability

by Ian Hacking

First published in 1975, this edition includes an introduction that contextualizes his book in light of developing philosophical trends.

The Emergence of Probability

Author: Ian Hacking

Publisher: Cambridge University Press

ISBN: 9780521685573

Page: 209

View: 392

Historical records show that there was no real concept of probability in Europe before the mid-seventeenth century, although the use of dice and other randomizing objects was commonplace. First published in 1975, this edition includes an introduction that contextualizes his book in light of developing philosophical trends.

The Emergence of Probability

by Ian Hacking

First published in 1975, this edition includes an introduction that contextualizes his book in light of developing philosophical trends. Ian Hacking is the winner of the Holberg International Memorial Prize 2009.

The Emergence of Probability

Author: Ian Hacking

Publisher: Cambridge University Press

ISBN: 1107268850

Page:

View: 234

Historical records show that there was no real concept of probability in Europe before the mid-seventeenth century, although the use of dice and other randomizing objects was commonplace. Ian Hacking presents a philosophical critique of early ideas about probability, induction, and statistical inference and the growth of this new family of ideas in the fifteenth, sixteenth, and seventeenth centuries. Hacking invokes a wide intellectual framework involving the growth of science, economics, and the theology of the period. He argues that the transformations that made it possible for probability concepts to emerge have constrained all subsequent development of probability theory and determine the space within which philosophical debate on the subject is still conducted. First published in 1975, this edition includes an introduction that contextualizes his book in light of developing philosophical trends. Ian Hacking is the winner of the Holberg International Memorial Prize 2009.

Hasok Chang s Active Scientific Realism in the Context of Realist Scientific Paradigms

by Karl-Heinz Mayer

Seminar paper from the year 2013 in the subject Philosophy - Philosophy of the 20th century, grade: 1.0, University of Vienna (Institut für Philosophie), course: Seminar Pluralismus und Wissenschaftsphilosophie, language: English, abstract ...

Hasok Chang s Active Scientific Realism in the Context of Realist Scientific Paradigms

Author: Karl-Heinz Mayer

Publisher: GRIN Verlag

ISBN: 3656655936

Page: 17

View: 337

Seminar paper from the year 2013 in the subject Philosophy - Philosophy of the Present, grade: 1.0, University of Vienna (Institut für Philosophie), course: Seminar Pluralismus und Wissenschaftsphilosophie, language: English, abstract: In his recent book, Is Water H2O?, Hasok Chang presents a detailed analysis of scientific realism and enunciates a new concept of it, which he names “active scientific realism”. It is a view of scientific realism that accentuates experimental activity for learning about reality rather than armchair philosophy in the search for utmost metaphysical truth. Chang puts it in a nutshell as follows: “If the buzzword for standard realism is truth, it is progress for active realism.” (Chang 2012, 223) This term paper attempts to critically look at this new concept, put it in the perspective of other realist concepts and find answers to questions like the following: • How does Chang’s concept fit into the existing landscape of scientific realism? • What are the roots of the concept? • What is new and attractive in it? • What are the weaknesses of the concept? First I’ll try to define scientific realism as a metaphysical and epistemological position as opposed to anti-realism. In the next chapter I’ll present the main arguments for and against scientific realism, the “no miracle” argument and the “pessimistic meta induction”, and also look at them from Hasok Chang’s angle of view. Then a brief overview of common realist positions in philosophy of science will be given, including Hasok Chang’s new conception. In the following chapter I’ll try to look critically at some aspects of Chang’s “Active Scientific Realism” and balance the strengths and weaknesses of the concept.

Rewriting the Soul

by Ian Hacking

Today hundreds seek treatment for MPD. Here distinguished philosopher Ian Hacking uses MPD and its links with child abuse and repressed memory to scrutinize today's moral and political climate. Copyright © Libri GmbH. All rights reserved.

Rewriting the Soul

Author: Ian Hacking

Publisher: Princeton University Press

ISBN: 069105908X

Page: 336

View: 179

As Foucault once identified a politics that centers on the body and another that classifies and organizes the human population, Hacking has now provided a masterful description of the politics of memory: the scientizing of the soul and the wounds it can receive.

Philosophy of Science Key Concepts

by Steven French

How do they use these theories to explain phenomena? How do they draw conclusions from them about how the world might be? Now updated, this second edition of Philosophy of Science: Key Concepts looks at each of these questions and more.

Philosophy of Science Key Concepts

Author: Steven French

Publisher: Bloomsbury Publishing

ISBN: 1474245250

Page: 240

View: 715

Science has made a huge impact on human society over hundred years, but how does it work? How do scientists do the things they do? How do they come up with the theories? How do they test them? How do they use these theories to explain phenomena? How do they draw conclusions from them about how the world might be? Now updated, this second edition of Philosophy of Science: Key Concepts looks at each of these questions and more. Taking in turn the fundamental theories, processes and views lying at the heart of the philosophy of science, this engaging introduction illuminates the scientific practice and provides a better appreciation of how science actually works. It features: - Chapters on discovery, evidence, verification and falsification, realism and objectivity - Accessible overviews of work of key thinkers such as Galileo, Einstein and Mullis - A new chapter on explanation - An extended range of easy-to-follow and contemporary examples to help explain more technical ideas - Study exercises, an annotated bibliography and suggestions of Where to Go Next Succinct and approachable, Philosophy of Science: Key Concepts outlines some of the most central and important scientific questions, problems and arguments without assuming prior knowledge of philosophy. This enjoyable introduction is the perfect starting point for anyone looking to understand how and why science has shaped and changed our view of the world.

An Introduction to Probability and Inductive Logic

by Ian Hacking

This is an introductory textbook on probability and induction written by one of the world's foremost philosophers of science.

An Introduction to Probability and Inductive Logic

Author: Ian Hacking

Publisher: Cambridge University Press

ISBN: 9780521772877

Page: 322

View: 593

This is an introductory textbook on probability and induction written by one of the world's foremost philosophers of science. The book has been designed to offer maximal accessibility to the widest range of students (not only those majoring in philosophy) and assumes no formal training in elementary symbolic logic. It offers a comprehensive course covering all basic definitions of induction and probability, and considers such topics as decision theory, Bayesianism, frequency ideas, and the philosophical problem of induction. The key features of the book are: * A lively and vigorous prose style* Lucid and systematic organization and presentation of the ideas* Many practical applications* A rich supply of exercises drawing on examples from such fields as psychology, ecology, economics, bioethics, engineering, and political science* Numerous brief historical accounts of how fundamental ideas of probability and induction developed.* A full bibliography of further reading Although designed primarily for courses in philosophy, the book could certainly be read and enjoyed by those in the social sciences (particularly psychology, economics, political science and sociology) or medical sciences such as epidemiology seeking a reader-friendly account of the basic ideas of probability and induction. Ian Hacking is University Professor, University of Toronto. He is Fellow of the Royal Society of Canada, Fellow of the British Academy, and Fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences. he is author of many books including five previous books with Cambridge (The Logic of Statistical Inference, Why Does Language Matter to Philosophy?, The Emergence of Probability, Representing and Intervening, and The Taming of Chance).

Science Key Concepts in Philosophy

by Steven French

A great text for students wishing to examine the questions raised in the philosophy of science. An ideal first guide to this challenging subject.

Science Key Concepts in Philosophy

Author: Steven French

Publisher: A&C Black

ISBN: 082648655X

Page: 164

View: 550

A great text for students wishing to examine the questions raised in the philosophy of science. An ideal first guide to this challenging subject.

Science Transformed

by Alfred Nordmann

This edited volume presents an in-depth examination of these issues from philosophical, historical, social, and cultural perspectives.

Science Transformed

Author: Alfred Nordmann

Publisher: University of Pittsburgh Press

ISBN: 0822977508

Page: 232

View: 616

"Advancements in computing, instrumentation, robotics, digital imaging, and simulation modeling are changing science into a technology-driven institution. The pragmatic interests of government, industry, and society increasingly exert their influence over science, raising questions of values and objectivity. These and other profound changes in the world of science have led many to speculate that we are in the midst of an epochal break in scientific history. This edited volume presents an in-depth examination of these issues from philosophical, historical, social, and cultural perspectives. It presents arguments both for and against the epochal break thesis in light of historical antecedents, offering an important occasion for philosophical analysis of the epistemic, institutional and moral questions affecting current and future scientific pursuits. "--P. 4 of cover.

New Methodological Perspectives on Observation and Experimentation in Science

by Wenceslao J. González

New Methodological Perspectives on Observation and Experimentation in Science deals with a classic topic that is seen from new angles.

New Methodological Perspectives on Observation and Experimentation in Science

Author: Wenceslao J. González

Publisher: Netbiblo

ISBN: 8497455304

Page: 202

View: 219

Observation and experimentation are central topics of philosophy and methodology of science. The empirical sciences have commonly been associated to observational and experimental processes, because they have been considered crucial for testing the contents of these. Thus, observation and experimentation have received attention from different angles, and they have been historically relevant in the advancement of science. Their philosophical-methodological analysis includes some key aspects those related to axiological, epistemological and methodological issues. New Methodological Perspectives on Observation and Experimentation in Science deals with a classic topic that is seen from new angles. Its nine chapters seek “non-traditional” aspects, trying to extend the boundaries of this philosophical-methodological theme. They are presented in five sections: 1) A Philosophical-Methodological Context; 2) Experience and Scientific Observations; 3) Empirical Support and Experiments in Science; 4) Changes in the Framework on Observation and Experimentation; and 5) Enlarging the Philosophical Scope: Law and Ecology. Wenceslao J. Gonzalez is Professor of Logic and Philosophy of Science (University of A Coruña). He is a Full Member of the International Academy for Philosophy of Sciences (AIPS), Visiting fellow at the Center for Philosophy of Science (University of Pittsburgh) and a Team Leader of the European Science Foundation program entitled “The Philosophy of Science in a European Perspective.” He has been named a Distinguished Researcher by the Main National University of San Marcos in Lima (Peru). He has been a visiting researcher at the Universities of St. Andrews, Münster and London (LSE). He has given lectures at the Universities of Pittsburgh, Stanford, Quebec and Helsinki. The conferences in which he has participated include those organized by the Universities of Uppsala, New South Wales, Bologna, Canterbury (NZ), and Beijing. He has edited 26 volumes on philosophy and methodology of science.

Experiments in Practice

by Astrid Schwarz

Schwarz uses ecological and environmental case studies to show how scientific experiments can transcend the laboratory.

Experiments in Practice

Author: Astrid Schwarz

Publisher: Routledge

ISBN: 1317317920

Page: 272

View: 321

Traditionally experimentation has been understood as an activity performed within the laboratory, but in the twenty-first century this view is being challenged. Schwarz uses ecological and environmental case studies to show how scientific experiments can transcend the laboratory.

Experimentation Methodology for Engineers

by Frank A. Coutelieris

This book delivers a methodological approach on the experimentation and/or simulation processes from the disclaiming hypothesis on a physical phenomenon to the validation of the results.

Experimentation Methodology for Engineers

Author: Frank A. Coutelieris

Publisher: Springer

ISBN: 3319721917

Page: 115

View: 788

This book delivers a methodological approach on the experimentation and/or simulation processes from the disclaiming hypothesis on a physical phenomenon to the validation of the results. The main benefit of the book is that it discusses all the topics related to experimentation and validation of the outcome including state-of-the-art applications and presents important theoretical, mathematical and experimental developments, providing a self-contained major reference that is appealing to both the scientists and the engineers. At the same time, these topics are encountered in a variety of scientific and engineering disciplines. As a first step, it presents the theoretical and practical implications on the formation of a hypothesis, considering the existing knowledge collection, classification and validation of the particular areas of experimenting interest. Afterwards, the transition from the knowledge classes to the experimentation parameters according to the phenomena evolution contributors and the systemic properties of the descriptors are discussed. The major experimenting requirements focus on the conditions to satisfy a potential disclaim of the initial hypothesis as conditions. Furthermore, the experimentation outcome, as derived via the previous experimentation process set-up, would be validate for the similarities among the existing knowledge and derived new one. The whole methodology offers a powerful tool towards the minimization of research effort wastes, as far as it can identify the lacks of knowledge, thus the areas of interest where the current research has to work on. The special features of this book are (a) the use of state-of-the-art techniques for the classification of knowledge, (b) the consideration of a realistic systemic world of engineering approached phenomena, (c) the application of advanced mathematical techniques for identifying, describing and testing the similarities in the research results and conclusions, and (d) the experimental investigation of relevant phenomena.

Beyond Reason

by Sanjay Seth

34 In fact, scientists have never just “represented,” but also “intervened,” helping to create the very phenomena that they explain; experiments, for instance, “create, produce, ... Hacking, Representing and Intervening, 230.

Beyond Reason

Author: Sanjay Seth

Publisher: Oxford University Press

ISBN: 0197500595

Page: 288

View: 963

The knowledge disseminated by universities and mobilized by states to govern populations has been globally dominant for more than a century. It first emerged in the early modern period in Europe and subsequently became globalized through colonialism. Despite the historical and cultural specificity of its origins, modern Western knowledge was thought to have transcended its particularities such that, unlike pre-modern and non-Western knowledges, it was "universal," or true for all times and places. In this bold and ambitious book, Sanjay Seth argues that modern knowledge and the social sciences are a product of Western modernity claiming a spurious universality: that what we treat as the "truths" discovered by social scientific reason are instead a parochial knowledge. Drawing upon and deriving its critical energies principally from postcolonial theory, Beyond Reason traverses many disciplines, including science studies, social history, art and music history, political science, and anthropology, and engages with a range of contemporary thinkers including Butler, Habermas, Chakrabarty, Chatterjee, and Rawls. It demonstrates that while global in their impact, the social sciences do not and cannot transcend the Western historical and cultural circumstances in which they emerged. If the social sciences are not explained and validated simply by the fact that they are "true," it becomes possible to ask what purpose they serve, what it is that they "do." A defining feature of modern knowledge is that it is divided into disciplines, each with its own object of inquiry and corresponding protocols, and thus asking what such knowledge "does" requires asking what purpose disciplines serve. It also requires asking what ways of understanding the world they facilitate and what they disallow. Beyond Reason proceeds to anatomize the disciplines of history and political science to ask what representations and relations with the past and with politics these academic disciplines enable, and what ways of understanding and engaging the world they foreclose.

Experimental Equality and Underdetermination

by Ramin Seyedi

During this century, there emerged from the philosophical analysis of scientific theories two results invested with broad epistemological significance.In the second chapter we studied two different and at the same time interrelated issues ...

Experimental Equality and Underdetermination

Author: Ramin Seyedi

Publisher: LAP Lambert Academic Publishing

ISBN: 9783659173080

Page: 108

View: 624

During this century, there emerged from the philosophical analysis of scientific theories two results invested with broad epistemological significance.In the second chapter we studied two different and at the same time interrelated issues.First, we studied ontological status of molecular structure and then we studied its epistemological status. In the third part a contemporary biologist reading this might well conclude that essentialists had no scientifically respectable way of understanding the existence of variation in nature.At the forth chapter representing and Intervening concluded with an experimental argument for scientific realism about entities that cannot in any literal sense be observed. It was based on the fact that we regularly use such entities to investigate other parts of nature, and that we reliably build apparatus to take advantage of some of the causal properties of such entities.In the end chapter It was based on the fact that we regularly use such entities to investigate other parts of nature.and that we reliably build appar-atus to take advantage of some of the causal prop-erties of such entities."

Toy Medium

by Daniel Tiffany

Representing and Intervening, 220–23. 32. I have benefited from illuminating discussions of the terms Vorstellung and Darstellung in Hacking, Representing and Intervening (130–34), and Allen Janik and Stephen Toulmin, ...

Toy Medium

Author: Daniel Tiffany

Publisher: Univ of California Press

ISBN: 0520219228

Page: 351

View: 415

"In this bold, speculative, and immensely learned study . . . Tiffany[‘s concept of] lyric substance--the ‘sense’ of materiality supplied to us by poets like Wallace Stevens and Marianne Moore--constitutes a world whose inaccessibility is legitimized by the principles of scientific materialism. Thus lyric, too long on the periphery of materialist discourse, emerges as being squarely in its center."—Marjorie Perloff, Stanford University, author of The Futurist Moment and Wittgenstein’s Ladder "A lyrical inquiry into the circle of ideas: materialism, science, poetics. Winding through the whole is a fascinating exploration of toys--children’s toys, physicists’ toy models, philosophers’ robots, nuclear weaponeers’ toy towns. . . . My hope is that this book will contribute to a growing interest not in cleaving science from the arts but rather in exploring, poetically, the language, images and things that illuminate both." —Peter Galison, Mallinckrodt Professor of the History of Science and Physics, Harvard University "A brilliant achievement, synthesizing the history of science and poetics, technology and the arts, in an iconology of materialism. . . All that is solid melts into air in this book, but just as quickly the airy poems of our climate condense into material, objective forms, weird gadgets, and objects of scientific research. . . A wonderful feast of learning and wit." —W. J. T. Mitchell, University of Chicago, author of Picture Theory and Iconology "In clear-eyed and gorgeous prose, Toy Medium moves the question of Art's encounter with Science to an utterly original point of conflagration: where matter is mostly not matter. . . . Going to the bottom of the Imagination, where it still truly involves images, Tiffany explores how we have learned to see the inscrutable via our imagistic grasp of materiality. . . . This book is daring, brilliant, and deeply clever."—Jorie Graham, Boylston Professor of English, Harvard University, author of Materialism and winner of the Pulitzer Prize

Recasting the Social in Citizenship

by Engin Fahri Isin

These ways of intervening in the name of the social were not simply about helping the marginalized and displaced. As studies of this period repeatedly underline, these activities were framed by specific ways of representing both the ...

Recasting the Social in Citizenship

Author: Engin Fahri Isin

Publisher: University of Toronto Press

ISBN: 080209757X

Page: 331

View: 241

Engin F. Isin and the volume's contributors explore the social sites that have become objects of government, and considers how these subjects are sites of contestation, resistance, differentiation and identification.

A Very Short Fairly Interesting and Reasonably Cheap Book About Studying Organizations

by Chris Grey

For, apart from the possibility of representing the workshop in different managerial ways, it is also possible to ... that managers do when they manage: they don't just 'get things done'; they represent and intervene in particular ways.

A Very Short Fairly Interesting and Reasonably Cheap Book About Studying Organizations

Author: Chris Grey

Publisher: SAGE

ISBN: 1473988195

Page: 192

View: 664

'Indispensable and subversive' - Simon Caulkin, The Observer 'A highly entertaining polemic.... This slim volume more than lives up to its title' - Stefan Stern, Financial Times The Fourth Edition of Studying Organizations explains the unfolding consequences for organizations of the global financial and economic crisis, has been updated with examples from the biggest recent news events, and incorporates the latest research studies and up-to-date statistics. Conceived by Chris Grey as an antidote to conventional textbooks, each book in the ‘Very Short, Fairly Interesting and Reasonably Cheap’ series takes a core area of the curriculum and turns it on its head by providing a critical and sophisticated overview of the key issues and debates in an informal, conversational and often humorous way. Suitable for students of organizational studies and management, professionals working in organizations and anyone curious about the workings of organizations. The accompanying regularly updated blog, read by thousands of people worldwide, keeps the book bang up to date: http://author-chrisgrey.blogspot.co.uk

Situated Intervention

by Teun Zuiderent-Jerak

In this book, Teun Zuiderent-Jerak considers how the direct involvement of social scientists in the practices they study can lead to the production of sociological knowledge.

Situated Intervention

Author: Teun Zuiderent-Jerak

Publisher: MIT Press

ISBN: 0262029383

Page: 248

View: 243

An exploration of sociological research that is neither "detached" nor "engaged"; a new approach to sociological knowledge production, with examples from health care.

African Women and Their Networks of Support

by Elene Cloete

African Women and their Networks of Support: Intervening Connections is an interdisciplinary analysis of how African women, in their different cultural, social, and political spaces, find innovative strategies to address the challenge they ...

African Women and Their Networks of Support

Author: Elene Cloete

Publisher: Lexington Books

ISBN: 1793607400

Page: 250

View: 277

African Women and their Networks of Support: Intervening Connections is an interdisciplinary analysis of how African women, in their different cultural, social, and political spaces, find innovative strategies to address the challenge they face and voice their often-underrepresented perspectives. These actions are often molded in either formal or informal networks of support that provide women with the necessary peer-based foundation to deal with gender discrimination, violence, and subjugation. On other occasions, women’s strategies toward change are driven by specific individuals who set the transformative agenda and trajectory toward social change. Contributors label these efforts as intervening connections, representing women's intentional actions to circumvent, disrupt, question, and ultimately rearrange structures of gender discrimination. Respective chapters capture networks that are historic and current; real, virtual, and imagined; local and transnational, and managed by women on the continent as well as in the diaspora. Considering these diverse spaces in which networking happens, contributors underscore not only how African women aim at deconstructing current systemic gender inequalities, but also how they are developing futures of gender equity and equality.